Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4Cl, also written as [NH4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations [NH4]+ and chloride anions Cl−. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. In its naturally occurring mineralogic form, it is known as salammoniac. The mineral is commonly formed on burning coal dumps from condensation of coal-derived gases. It is also found around some types of volcanic vents. It is mainly used as fertilizer and a flavouring agent in some types of liquorice. It is a product of the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia.
Ammonium chloride is a versatile chemical with a range of applications across different industries. Here’s a breakdown of its various uses:
Ammonium chloride’s role in fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, electronics, and various other applications highlights its importance across diverse industries. Its effectiveness as a reagent, pH regulator, and nutrient source contributes to its widespread use.
Physical State | Solid |
Appearance | White |
Odor | Odorless |
Odor Threshold | No information available |
pH | 5.0 @ 25°C 10% aq. solution |
Melting Point/Range | 340 °C / 644 °F |
Boiling Point/Range | No information available |
Flash Point | No information available |
Evaporation Rate | Not applicable |
Flammability (solid,gas) | No information available |
Flammability or explosive limits |
|
Upper | No data available |
Lower | No data available |
Vapor Pressure | 1.3 mbar @ 160 °C |
Vapor Density | Not applicable |
Specific Gravity | No information available |
Solubility | Soluble in water |
Partition coefficient; n-octanol/water | No data available |
Autoignition Temperature | No information available |
Decomposition Temperature | 350 °C |
Viscosity | Not applicable |
Molecular Formula | H4 Cl N |
Molecular Weight | 53.49 |
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