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Diammonium phosphate
Diammonium phosphate (DAP; IUPAC name diammonium hydrogen phosphate; chemical formula (NH4)2(HPO4)) is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid.
Solid diammonium phosphate shows a dissociation pressure of ammonia as given by the following expression and equation:[2]
(NH4)2HPO4(s) ⇌ NH3(g) + (NH4)H2PO4(s)
At 100 °C, the dissociation pressure of diammonium phosphate is approximately 5 mmHg.[3]
According to the diammonium phosphate MSDS from CF Industries, Inc., decomposition starts as low as 70 °C: “Hazardous Decomposition Products: Gradually loses ammonia when exposed to air at room temperature. Decomposes to ammonia and monoammonium phosphate at around 70 °C (158 °F). At 155 °C (311 °F), DAP emits phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides and ammonia.
Chemway is one of the Diammonium phosphate, manufacturers, exporters, and suppliers in Fujairah, Sharjah, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Kuwait, Muscat, Dubai UAE.
- Fire Retardant Industry:
- Fire Retardants: DAP is a crucial component in the formulation of fire retardants. Its non-combustible properties allow it to be used in the production of materials that slow the spread of flames. In wildfire management, DAP is used in aerial fire retardants to protect forested areas by reducing the flammability of vegetation.
- Water Treatment:
- pH Buffer: DAP is used in industrial water treatment processes as a pH stabilizer. It helps maintain a slightly alkaline environment, which is critical for various biological and chemical water treatments, ensuring that microorganisms in bioreactors perform efficiently.
- Nutrient Source: In wastewater treatment, DAP provides essential nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) that enhance the biological treatment process by supporting the growth of bacteria used to break down waste materials.
- Fertilizer Industry:
- Fertilizer Manufacturing: As one of the most popular phosphate fertilizers, DAP is a key raw material in the production of compound fertilizers. It is blended with other ingredients to create balanced fertilizer mixes for various crop needs.
- Chemical Manufacturing:
- Fireproofing Agents: In chemical production, DAP is used to create fireproofing agents that are applied to materials such as wood, textiles, and paper. It works by forming a protective layer on the material that prevents it from burning.
- Manufacture of Cleaners and Detergents: DAP is occasionally used as a buffering agent and a source of phosphate in the manufacture of cleaners, especially in industrial detergents where it helps soften water and enhance cleaning efficiency.
- Metal Treatment:
- Metal Surface Preparation: DAP is sometimes used in the pre-treatment of metals to enhance corrosion resistance and promote better adhesion of coatings. Its mildly alkaline nature aids in cleaning and preparing metal surfaces.
- Food & Beverage Industry (Under Strict Quality Control):
- Yeast Nutrient: In the brewing and wine-making industries, food-grade DAP is used as a yeast nutrient. It supplies essential nitrogen and phosphorus to promote the fermentation process.
- Beverage Production: DAP is sometimes added to soft drinks and beverages as a buffering agent or pH stabilizer.
- Explosives Manufacturing:
- Blasting Agents: DAP can be used as an additive in some industrial explosives, enhancing the power and stability of blasting agents used in mining and construction.
Appearance | colorless monoclinic crystals |
Odor | odorless |
pH | NA |
Molecular Weight | 132.06 g/mol |
Boiling Point | 290 °C |
Melting Point | 155 °C |
Vapor Pressure | NA |
Density | 1.619 g/cm3 |
Flash Point | Non-flammable |
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